Changes between Initial Version and Version 1 of TracStandalone


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Timestamp:
2011-05-24 14:55:59 (13 years ago)
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trac
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  • TracStandalone

    v1 v1  
     1= Tracd = 
     2 
     3Tracd is a lightweight standalone Trac web server. 
     4It can be used in a variety of situations, from a test or development server to a multiprocess setup behind another web server used as a load balancer. 
     5 
     6== Pros == 
     7 
     8 * Fewer dependencies: You don't need to install apache or any other web-server. 
     9 * Fast: Should be almost as fast as the [wiki:TracModPython mod_python] version (and much faster than the [wiki:TracCgi CGI]), even more so since version 0.12 where the HTTP/1.1 version of the protocol is enabled by default 
     10 * Automatic reloading: For development, Tracd can be used in ''auto_reload'' mode, which will automatically restart the server whenever you make a change to the code (in Trac itself or in a plugin). 
     11 
     12== Cons == 
     13 
     14 * Fewer features: Tracd implements a very simple web-server and is not as configurable or as scalable as Apache httpd. 
     15 * No native HTTPS support: [http://www.rickk.com/sslwrap/ sslwrap] can be used instead, 
     16   or [http://trac.edgewall.org/wiki/STunnelTracd stunnel -- a tutorial on how to use stunnel with tracd] or Apache with mod_proxy. 
     17 
     18== Usage examples == 
     19 
     20A single project on port 8080. (http://localhost:8080/) 
     21{{{ 
     22 $ tracd -p 8080 /path/to/project 
     23}}} 
     24Stricly speaking this will make your Trac accessible to everybody from your network rather than ''localhost only''. To truly limit it use ''--hostname'' option. 
     25{{{ 
     26 $ tracd --hostname=localhost -p 8080 /path/to/project 
     27}}} 
     28With more than one project. (http://localhost:8080/project1/ and http://localhost:8080/project2/) 
     29{{{ 
     30 $ tracd -p 8080 /path/to/project1 /path/to/project2 
     31}}} 
     32 
     33You can't have the last portion of the path identical between the projects since Trac uses that name to keep the URLs of the 
     34different projects unique. So if you use `/project1/path/to` and `/project2/path/to`, you will only see the second project. 
     35 
     36An alternative way to serve multiple projects is to specify a parent directory in which each subdirectory is a Trac project, using the `-e` option. The example above could be rewritten: 
     37{{{ 
     38 $ tracd -p 8080 -e /path/to 
     39}}} 
     40 
     41To exit the server on Windows, be sure to use {{{CTRL-BREAK}}} -- using {{{CTRL-C}}} will leave a Python process running in the background. 
     42 
     43== Installing as a Windows Service == 
     44 
     45=== Option 1 === 
     46To install as a Windows service, get the [http://www.google.com/search?q=srvany.exe SRVANY] utility and run: 
     47{{{ 
     48 C:\path\to\instsrv.exe tracd C:\path\to\srvany.exe 
     49 reg add HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\tracd\Parameters /v Application /d "\"C:\path\to\python.exe\" \"C:\path\to\python\scripts\tracd-script.py\" <your tracd parameters>" 
     50 net start tracd 
     51}}} 
     52 
     53'''DO NOT''' use {{{tracd.exe}}}.  Instead register {{{python.exe}}} directly with {{{tracd-script.py}}} as a parameter.  If you use {{{tracd.exe}}}, it will spawn the python process without SRVANY's knowledge.  This python process will survive a {{{net stop tracd}}}. 
     54 
     55If you want tracd to start automatically when you boot Windows, do: 
     56{{{ 
     57 sc config tracd start= auto 
     58}}} 
     59 
     60The spacing here is important. 
     61 
     62{{{#!div 
     63Once the service is installed, it might be simpler to run the Registry Editor rather than use the `reg add` command documented above.  Navigate to:[[BR]] 
     64`HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\tracd\Parameters` 
     65 
     66Three (string) parameters are provided: 
     67||!AppDirectory ||C:\Python26\ || 
     68||Application ||python.exe || 
     69||!AppParameters ||scripts\tracd-script.py -p 8080 ... || 
     70 
     71Note that, if the !AppDirectory is set as above, the paths of the executable ''and'' of the script name and parameter values are relative to the directory.  This makes updating Python a little simpler because the change can be limited, here, to a single point. 
     72(This is true for the path to the .htpasswd file, as well, despite the documentation calling out the /full/path/to/htpasswd; however, you may not wish to store that file under the Python directory.) 
     73}}} 
     74 
     75For Windows 7 User, srvany.exe may not be an option, so you can use [http://www.google.com/search?q=winserv.exe WINSERV] utility and run: 
     76{{{ 
     77"C:\path\to\winserv.exe" install tracd -displayname "tracd" -start auto "C:\path\to\python.exe" c:\path\to\python\scripts\tracd-script.py <your tracd parameters>" 
     78 
     79net start tracd 
     80}}} 
     81 
     82=== Option 2 === 
     83 
     84Use [http://trac-hacks.org/wiki/WindowsServiceScript WindowsServiceScript], available at [http://trac-hacks.org/ Trac Hacks]. Installs, removes, starts, stops, etc. your Trac service. 
     85 
     86== Using Authentication == 
     87 
     88Tracd provides support for both Basic and Digest authentication. The default is to use Digest; to use Basic authentication, replace `--auth` with `--basic-auth` in the examples below. (You must still specify a dialogic "realm", which can be an empty string by trailing the BASICAUTH with a comma.) 
     89 
     90 
     91The general format for using authentication is: 
     92{{{ 
     93 $ tracd -p port --auth="base_project_dir,password_file_path,realm" project_path 
     94}}} 
     95 
     96where: 
     97 
     98 * '''base_project_dir''': the base directory of the project specified as follows: 
     99   * when serving multiple projects: ''relative'' to the `project_path` 
     100   * when serving only a single project (`-s`): the name of the project directory 
     101 Don't use an absolute path here as this won't work. ''Note:'' This parameter is case-sensitive even for environments on Windows. 
     102 * '''password_file_path''': path to the password file 
     103 * '''realm''': the realm name (can be anything) 
     104 * '''project_path''': path of the project 
     105 * **`--auth`** in the above means use Digest authentication, replace `--auth` with `--basic-auth` if you want to use Basic auth 
     106 
     107Examples: 
     108 
     109{{{ 
     110 $ tracd -p 8080 \ 
     111   --auth="project1,/path/to/passwordfile,mycompany.com" /path/to/project1 
     112}}} 
     113 
     114Of course, the password file can be be shared so that it is used for more than one project: 
     115{{{ 
     116 $ tracd -p 8080 \ 
     117   --auth="project1,/path/to/passwordfile,mycompany.com" \ 
     118   --auth="project2,/path/to/passwordfile,mycompany.com" \ 
     119   /path/to/project1 /path/to/project2 
     120}}} 
     121 
     122Another way to share the password file is to specify "*" for the project name: 
     123{{{ 
     124 $ tracd -p 8080 \ 
     125   --auth="*,/path/to/users.htdigest,mycompany.com" \ 
     126   /path/to/project1 /path/to/project2 
     127}}} 
     128 
     129=== Using a htpasswd password file === 
     130This section describes how to use `tracd` with Apache .htpasswd files. 
     131 
     132To create a .htpasswd file use Apache's `htpasswd` command (see [#GeneratingPasswordsWithoutApache below] for a method to create these files without using Apache): 
     133 
     134{{{ 
     135 $ sudo htpasswd -c /path/to/env/.htpasswd username 
     136}}} 
     137then for additional users: 
     138{{{ 
     139 $ sudo htpasswd /path/to/env/.htpasswd username2 
     140}}} 
     141 
     142Then to start `tracd` run something like this: 
     143 
     144{{{ 
     145 $ tracd -p 8080 --basic-auth="projectdirname,/fullpath/environmentname/.htpasswd,realmname" /fullpath/environmentname 
     146}}} 
     147 
     148For example: 
     149 
     150{{{ 
     151 $ tracd -p 8080 --basic-auth="testenv,/srv/tracenv/testenv/.htpasswd,My Test Env" /srv/tracenv/testenv 
     152}}} 
     153 
     154''Note:'' You might need to pass "-m" as a parameter to htpasswd on some platforms (OpenBSD). 
     155 
     156=== Using a htdigest password file === 
     157 
     158If you have Apache available, you can use the htdigest command to generate the password file. Type 'htdigest' to get some usage instructions, or read [http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/programs/htdigest.html this page] from the Apache manual to get precise instructions.  You'll be prompted for a password to enter for each user that you create.  For the name of the password file, you can use whatever you like, but if you use something like `users.htdigest` it will remind you what the file contains. As a suggestion, put it in your <projectname>/conf folder along with the [TracIni trac.ini] file. 
     159 
     160Note that you can start tracd without the --auth argument, but if you click on the ''Login'' link you will get an error. 
     161 
     162=== Generating Passwords Without Apache === 
     163 
     164If you don't have Apache available, you can use this simple Python script to generate your passwords: 
     165 
     166{{{ 
     167#!python 
     168from optparse import OptionParser 
     169# The md5 module is deprecated in Python 2.5 
     170try: 
     171    from hashlib import md5 
     172except ImportError: 
     173    from md5 import md5 
     174realm = 'trac' 
     175 
     176# build the options 
     177usage = "usage: %prog [options]" 
     178parser = OptionParser(usage=usage) 
     179parser.add_option("-u", "--username",action="store", dest="username", type = "string", 
     180                  help="the username for whom to generate a password") 
     181parser.add_option("-p", "--password",action="store", dest="password", type = "string", 
     182                  help="the password to use") 
     183parser.add_option("-r", "--realm",action="store", dest="realm", type = "string", 
     184                  help="the realm in which to create the digest") 
     185(options, args) = parser.parse_args() 
     186 
     187# check options 
     188if (options.username is None) or (options.password is None): 
     189   parser.error("You must supply both the username and password") 
     190if (options.realm is not None): 
     191   realm = options.realm 
     192    
     193# Generate the string to enter into the htdigest file 
     194kd = lambda x: md5(':'.join(x)).hexdigest() 
     195print ':'.join((options.username, realm, kd([options.username, realm, options.password]))) 
     196}}} 
     197 
     198Note: If you use the above script you must use the --auth option to tracd, not --basic-auth, and you must set the realm in the --auth value to 'trac' (without the quotes). Example usage (assuming you saved the script as trac-digest.py): 
     199 
     200{{{ 
     201 $ python trac-digest.py -u username -p password >> c:\digest.txt 
     202 $ tracd --port 8000 --auth=proj_name,c:\digest.txt,trac c:\path\to\proj_name 
     203}}} 
     204 
     205 
     206Note: If you would like to use --basic-auth you need to use htpasswd tool from apache server to generate .htpasswd file. The remaining part is similar but make sure to use empty realm (i.e. coma after path). Make sure to use -m option for it.  If you do not have Apache, [trac:source:/tags/trac-0.11/contrib/htpasswd.py htpasswd.py] may help.  (Note that it requires a `crypt` or `fcrypt` module; see the source comments for details.) 
     207 
     208It is possible to use md5sum utility to generate digest-password file using such method: 
     209{{{ 
     210 $ printf "${user}:trac:${password}" | md5sum - >>user.htdigest 
     211}}} 
     212and manually delete " -" from the end and add "${user}:trac:" to the start of line from 'to-file'. 
     213 
     214== Reference == 
     215 
     216Here's the online help, as a reminder (`tracd --help`): 
     217{{{ 
     218Usage: tracd [options] [projenv] ... 
     219 
     220Options: 
     221  --version             show program's version number and exit 
     222  -h, --help            show this help message and exit 
     223  -a DIGESTAUTH, --auth=DIGESTAUTH 
     224                        [projectdir],[htdigest_file],[realm] 
     225  --basic-auth=BASICAUTH 
     226                        [projectdir],[htpasswd_file],[realm] 
     227  -p PORT, --port=PORT  the port number to bind to 
     228  -b HOSTNAME, --hostname=HOSTNAME 
     229                        the host name or IP address to bind to 
     230  --protocol=PROTOCOL   http|scgi|ajp 
     231  -q, --unquote         unquote PATH_INFO (may be needed when using ajp) 
     232  --http10              use HTTP/1.0 protocol version (default) 
     233  --http11              use HTTP/1.1 protocol version instead of HTTP/1.0 
     234  -e PARENTDIR, --env-parent-dir=PARENTDIR 
     235                        parent directory of the project environments 
     236  --base-path=BASE_PATH 
     237                        the initial portion of the request URL's "path" 
     238  -r, --auto-reload     restart automatically when sources are modified 
     239  -s, --single-env      only serve a single project without the project list 
     240}}} 
     241 
     242== Tips == 
     243 
     244=== Serving static content === 
     245 
     246If `tracd` is the only web server used for the project,  
     247it can also be used to distribute static content  
     248(tarballs, Doxygen documentation, etc.) 
     249 
     250This static content should be put in the `$TRAC_ENV/htdocs` folder, 
     251and is accessed by URLs like `<project_URL>/chrome/site/...`. 
     252 
     253Example: given a `$TRAC_ENV/htdocs/software-0.1.tar.gz` file, 
     254the corresponding relative URL would be `/<project_name>/chrome/site/software-0.1.tar.gz`,  
     255which in turn can be written as `htdocs:software-0.1.tar.gz` (TracLinks syntax) or `[/<project_name>/chrome/site/software-0.1.tar.gz]` (relative link syntax).  
     256 
     257 ''Support for `htdocs:` TracLinks syntax was added in version 0.10'' 
     258 
     259=== Using tracd behind a proxy 
     260 
     261In some situations when you choose to use tracd behind Apache or another web server. 
     262 
     263In this situation, you might experience issues with redirects, like being redirected to URLs with the wrong host or protocol. In this case (and only in this case), setting the `[trac] use_base_url_for_redirect` to `true` can help, as this will force Trac to use the value of `[trac] base_url` for doing the redirects. 
     264 
     265If you're using the AJP protocol to connect with `tracd` (which is possible if you have flup installed), then you might experience problems with double quoting. Consider adding the `--unquote` parameter. 
     266 
     267See also [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp], [trac:TracNginxRecipe]. 
     268 
     269=== Serving a different base path than / === 
     270Tracd supports serving projects with different base urls than /<project>. The parameter name to change this is 
     271{{{ 
     272 $ tracd --base-path=/some/path 
     273}}} 
     274 
     275---- 
     276See also: TracInstall, TracCgi, TracModPython, TracGuide, [trac:TracOnWindowsStandalone#RunningTracdasservice Running tracd.exe as a Windows service]