Changes between Initial Version and Version 1 of TracPlugins


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Timestamp:
2011-06-08 13:57:06 (13 years ago)
Author:
trac
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  • TracPlugins

    v1 v1  
     1= Trac Plugins = 
     2[[TracGuideToc]] 
     3 
     4Trac is extensible with [trac:PluginList plugins] since version 0.9. The plugin functionality is based on the [trac:TracDev/ComponentArchitecture component architecture] with peculiarities described at [TracDev/PluginDevelopment plugin development] page. 
     5 
     6== Plugin discovery == 
     7 
     8From the user point of view a Plugin is either standalone .py file or an .egg package. Trac looks for Plugins in a global shared plugins directory (see [TracIni#GlobalConfiguration Global Configuration]), or in a local TracEnvironment, in its `plugins` directory. 
     9Except for the later case, the components defined in a plugin should be explicitly enabled in the [[TracIni#components-section| [components] ]] section of the trac.ini file. 
     10 
     11== Requirements for Trac eggs  == 
     12 
     13To use egg based plugins in Trac, you need to have [http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/setuptools setuptools] (version 0.6) installed. 
     14 
     15To install `setuptools`, download the bootstrap module [http://peak.telecommunity.com/dist/ez_setup.py ez_setup.py] and execute it as follows: 
     16{{{ 
     17$ python ez_setup.py 
     18}}} 
     19 
     20If the `ez_setup.py` script fails to install the setuptools release, you can download it from [http://www.python.org/pypi/setuptools PyPI] and install it manually. 
     21 
     22Plugins can also consist of a single `.py` file dropped into either the environment or the shared plugins directory. 
     23 
     24== Installing a Trac Plugin == 
     25 
     26=== For a Single Project === 
     27 
     28Plugins are packaged as [http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/PythonEggs Python eggs]. That means they are ZIP archives with the file extension `.egg`.  
     29 
     30If you have downloaded a source distribution of a plugin, and want to build the `.egg` file, follow this instruction: 
     31 * Unpack the source. It should provide a setup.py.  
     32 * Run: 
     33{{{ 
     34$ python setup.py bdist_egg 
     35}}} 
     36 
     37Then you will have a *.egg file. Examine the output of running python to find where this was created. 
     38 
     39Once you have the plugin archive, you need to copy it into the `plugins` directory of the [wiki:TracEnvironment project environment]. Also, make sure that the web server has sufficient permissions to read the plugin egg. Then, restart the web server (this requirement was not previously mentioned in this document, but in my tests it began working only after I did so). 
     40 
     41To uninstall a plugin installed this way, remove the egg from `plugins` directory and restart web server. 
     42 
     43Note that the Python version that the egg is built with must 
     44match the Python version with which Trac is run.  If for 
     45instance you are running Trac under Python 2.5, but have 
     46upgraded your standalone Python to 2.6, the eggs won't be 
     47recognized. 
     48 
     49Note also that in a multi-project setup, a pool of Python interpreter instances will be dynamically allocated to projects based on need, and since plugins occupy a place in Python's module system, the first version of any given plugin to be loaded will be used for all the projects. In other words, you cannot use different versions of a single plugin in two projects of a multi-project setup. It may be safer to install plugins for all projects (see below) and then enable them selectively on a project-by-project basis. 
     50 
     51=== For All Projects === 
     52 
     53==== With an .egg file ==== 
     54 
     55Some plugins (such as [trac:SpamFilter SpamFilter]) are downloadable as a `.egg` file which can be installed with the `easy_install` program: 
     56{{{ 
     57easy_install TracSpamFilter 
     58}}} 
     59 
     60If `easy_install` is not on your system see the Requirements section above to install it.  Windows users will need to add the `Scripts` directory of their Python installation (for example, `C:\Python24\Scripts`) to their `PATH` environment variable (see [http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/EasyInstall#windows-notes easy_install Windows notes] for more information). 
     61 
     62If Trac reports permission errors after installing a zipped egg and you would rather not bother providing a egg cache directory writable by the web server, you can get around it by simply unzipping the egg. Just pass `--always-unzip` to `easy_install`: 
     63{{{ 
     64easy_install --always-unzip TracSpamFilter-0.4.1_r10106-py2.6.egg 
     65}}} 
     66You should end up with a directory having the same name as the zipped egg (complete with `.egg` extension) and containing its uncompressed contents. 
     67 
     68Trac also searches for plugins installed in the shared plugins directory ''(since 0.10)'', see TracIni#GlobalConfiguration. This is a convenient way to share the installation of plugins across several but not all environments. 
     69 
     70==== From source ==== 
     71 
     72`easy_install` makes installing from source a snap. Just give it the URL to either a Subversion repository or a tarball/zip of the source: 
     73{{{ 
     74easy_install http://svn.edgewall.com/repos/trac/plugins/0.12/spam-filter-captcha 
     75}}} 
     76 
     77==== Enabling the plugin ==== 
     78Unlike plugins installed per-environment, you'll have to explicitly enable globally installed plugins via [wiki:TracIni trac.ini]. This also applies to plugins installed in shared plugins directory, i.e. the path specified in the `[inherit] plugins_dir` configuration option.  
     79 
     80This is done in the `[components]` section of the configuration file, for example: 
     81{{{ 
     82[components] 
     83tracspamfilter.* = enabled 
     84}}} 
     85 
     86The name of the option is the Python package of the plugin. This should be specified in the documentation of the plugin, but can also be easily discovered by looking at the source (look for a top-level directory that contains a file named `__init__.py`.) 
     87 
     88Note: After installing the plugin, you need to restart your web server. 
     89 
     90==== Uninstalling ==== 
     91 
     92`easy_install` or `python setup.py` does not have an uninstall feature. Hower, it is usually quite trivial to remove a globally installed egg and reference: 
     93 1. Do `easy_install -m [plugin name]` to remove references from `$PYTHONLIB/site-packages/easy-install.pth` when the plugin installed by setuptools. 
     94 1. Delete executables from `/usr/bin`, `/usr/local/bin` or `C:\\Python*\Scripts`. For search what executables are there, you may refer to `[console-script]` section of `setup.py`. 
     95 1. Delete the .egg file or folder from where it is installed, usually inside `$PYTHONLIB/site-packages/`. 
     96 1. Restart web server. 
     97 
     98If you are uncertain about the location of the egg, here is a small tip to help locate an egg (or any package) - replace `myplugin` with whatever namespace the plugin uses (as used when enabling the plugin): 
     99{{{ 
     100>>> import myplugin 
     101>>> print myplugin.__file__ 
     102/opt/local/python24/lib/site-packages/myplugin-0.4.2-py2.4.egg/myplugin/__init__.pyc 
     103}}} 
     104 
     105== Setting up the Plugin Cache == 
     106 
     107Some plugins will need to be extracted by the Python eggs runtime (`pkg_resources`), so that their contents are actual files on the file system. The directory in which they are extracted defaults to '.python-eggs' in the home directory of the current user, which may or may not be a problem. You can however override the default location using the `PYTHON_EGG_CACHE` environment variable. 
     108 
     109To do this from the Apache configuration, use the `SetEnv` directive as follows: 
     110{{{ 
     111SetEnv PYTHON_EGG_CACHE /path/to/dir 
     112}}} 
     113 
     114This works whether you are using the [wiki:TracCgi CGI] or the [wiki:TracModPython mod_python] front-end. Put this directive next to where you set the path to the [wiki:TracEnvironment Trac environment], i.e. in the same `<Location>` block. 
     115 
     116For example (for CGI): 
     117{{{ 
     118 <Location /trac> 
     119   SetEnv TRAC_ENV /path/to/projenv 
     120   SetEnv PYTHON_EGG_CACHE /path/to/dir 
     121 </Location> 
     122}}} 
     123 
     124or (for mod_python): 
     125{{{ 
     126 <Location /trac> 
     127   SetHandler mod_python 
     128   ... 
     129   SetEnv PYTHON_EGG_CACHE /path/to/dir 
     130 </Location> 
     131}}} 
     132 
     133 ''Note: !SetEnv requires the `mod_env` module which needs to be activated for Apache. In this case the !SetEnv directive can also be used in the `mod_python` Location block.'' 
     134 
     135For [wiki:TracFastCgi FastCGI], you'll need to `-initial-env` option, or whatever is provided by your web server for setting environment variables.  
     136 
     137 ''Note: that if you already use -initial-env to set the project directory for either a single project or parent you will need to add an additional -initial-env directive to the !FastCgiConfig directive. I.e. 
     138 
     139{{{ 
     140FastCgiConfig -initial-env TRAC_ENV=/var/lib/trac -initial-env PYTHON_EGG_CACHE=/var/lib/trac/plugin-cache 
     141}}} 
     142 
     143=== About hook scripts === 
     144 
     145If you have set up some subversion hook scripts that call the Trac engine - such as the post-commit hook script provided in the `/contrib` directory - make sure you define the `PYTHON_EGG_CACHE` environment variable within these scripts as well. 
     146 
     147== Troubleshooting == 
     148 
     149=== Is setuptools properly installed? === 
     150 
     151Try this from the command line: 
     152{{{ 
     153$ python -c "import pkg_resources" 
     154}}} 
     155 
     156If you get '''no output''', setuptools '''is''' installed. Otherwise, you'll need to install it before plugins will work in Trac. 
     157 
     158=== Did you get the correct version of the Python egg? === 
     159 
     160Python eggs have the Python version encoded in their filename. For example, `MyPlugin-1.0-py2.5.egg` is an egg for Python 2.5, and will '''not''' be loaded if you're running a different Python version (such as 2.4 or 2.6). 
     161 
     162Also, verify that the egg file you downloaded is indeed a ZIP archive. If you downloaded it from a Trac site, chances are you downloaded the HTML preview page instead. 
     163 
     164=== Is the plugin enabled? === 
     165 
     166 
     167If you install a plugin globally (i.e. ''not'' inside the `plugins` directory of the Trac project environment) you will have to explicitly enable it in [TracIni trac.ini]. Make sure that: 
     168 * you actually added the necessary line(s) to the `[components]` section 
     169 * the package/module names are correct 
     170 * the value is “enabled", not e.g. “enable” 
     171 
     172=== Check the permissions on the egg file === 
     173 
     174Trac must be able to read the file.  
     175 
     176=== Check the log files === 
     177 
     178Enable [wiki:TracLogging logging] and set the log level to `DEBUG`, then watch the log file for messages about loading plugins. 
     179 
     180=== Verify you have proper permissions === 
     181 
     182Some plugins require you have special permissions in order to use them. [trac:WebAdmin WebAdmin], for example, requires the user to have TRAC_ADMIN permissions for it to show up on the navigation bar. 
     183 
     184=== Is the wrong version of the plugin loading? === 
     185 
     186If you put your plugins inside plugins directories, and certainly if you have more than one project, you need to make sure that the correct version of the plugin is loading. Here are some basic rules: 
     187 * Only one version of the plugin can be loaded for each running Trac server (ie. each Python process). The Python namespaces and module list will be shared, and it cannot handle duplicates. Whether a plugin is `enabled` or `disabled` makes no difference. 
     188 * A globally installed plugin (typically `setup.py install`) will override any version in global or project plugins directories. A plugin from the global plugins directory will be located before any project plugins directory. 
     189 * If your Trac server hosts more than one project (as with `TRAC_ENV_PARENT_DIR` setups), then having two versions of a plugin in two different projects will give uncertain results. Only one of them will load, and the one loaded will be shared by both projects. Trac will load the first found - basically from the project that receives the first request. 
     190 * Having more than one version listed inside Python site-packages is fine (ie. installed with `setup.py install`) - setuptools will make sure you get the version installed most recently. However, don't store more than one version inside a global or project plugins directory - neither version number nor installed date will matter at all. There is no way to determine which one will be located first when Trac searches the directory for plugins. 
     191 
     192=== If all of the above failed === 
     193 
     194OK, so the logs don't mention plugins, the egg is readable, the python version is correct ''and'' the egg has been installed globally (and is enabled in the trac.ini) and it still doesn't work or give any error messages or any other indication as to why? Hop on the [trac:IrcChannel IrcChannel] and ask away. 
     195 
     196---- 
     197See also TracGuide, [trac:PluginList plugin list], [trac:TracDev/ComponentArchitecture component architecture]